Answer all questions.
SECTION A
Q- 1. Read the following passage and answer the questions in your own words.
If India is the macrocosm that represents unity in diversity, Nagaland is the microcosm of that philosophy. A melting pot of different tribal culture and cuisines, Nagaland is place where primeval landscapes, ancient people can leave you floored. At the Hornbill Festival held from December 1 to 10 in the state capital Kohima. I discovered that the concept of Athithi Devo Bhava- 'Guest is God', came naturally to the Nagas, the indigenous people of the region.
The Hornbill Festival showcases a mélange of cultural displays under one roof, attracting visitors from across the world. It usually takes place in the first week of December at the Naga Heritage Village called Kisama, located 12 km from Kohima. The village gets its name from the two villages Kigwema (Ki) and Phesama (Sa), where the village is now established. The suffix 'Ma' means village. Seventeen major tribes including Ao, Angami, Chang, Konyak, Lotha, Sum and Chakhesang take part in the festival. Besides reviving and protecting the rich culture of Nagaland, it helps visitors have a closer understanding of the people and their culture.
According to Banuo Z Jamir, Nagaland's first woman chief secretary, the festival is named after the hornbill, the bird eulogized in Naga tribal folklore. "Hornbill is central to the Naga tradition, finding symbolic representation in their faith and costumes," She said. For Nagas, the bird exudes qualities of nobility, beauty and bravery and because of its roar-like call, its strength is believed to equal that of a tiger which personifies the quintessential Naga warrior. It is also a symbol of fertility-reproduction and agriculture-and is perceived to possess social values similar to those of humans.
1. What is the philosophy being referred to ?
Ans - The philosophy being referred to in the passage is "unity in diversity."
2. Why Nagaland is considered a 'melting pot' ?
Ans- Nagaland is considered a 'melting pot' because it is a place where various tribal cultures and cuisines come together. It is a region where different indigenous people with distinct traditions coexist.
3. The Hornbill Festival 'showcases a mélange of cultural displays under one roof. Discuss this statement in the light of the passage.
Ans- The Hornbill Festival showcases a variety of cultural displays from different tribes in Nagaland. It brings together seventeen major tribes, including Ao, Angami, Chang, Konyak, Lotha, Sum, and Chakhesang, in one place (Naga Heritage Village) during the first week of December. This festival provides visitors with the opportunity to witness and experience the diverse cultures, traditions, and cuisines of Nagaland in one location, making it a cultural melting pot.
4. What does the Hornbill represent to the Nagas ?
Ans- To the Nagas, the Hornbill represents qualities of nobility, beauty, bravery, and strength. It holds a significant place in Naga tribal folklore, symbolizing their faith and costumes. The bird's roar-like call is believed to equate its strength with that of a tiger, which embodies the essence of a Naga warrior. Additionally, the Hornbill is seen as a symbol of fertility, reproduction, agriculture, and social values similar to those of humans.
5. Give a suitable title to the passage.
Ans- A suitable title for the passage could be "Nagaland's Hornbill Festival: Celebrating Unity in Diversity."
6. Use the following words in sentences of your own:
A. Macrocosm
Ans- The universe is often seen as a macrocosm, reflecting the complexities and mysteries of the cosmos.
B. Cuisine
Ans- I love to explore different cuisines from around the world, from spicy Indian dishes to delicate Japanese sushi.
C. Melange
Ans- The art exhibition featured a melange of painting styles, from abstract expressionism to realistic portraiture.
D. Eulogize
Ans- At the memorial service, friends and family gathered to eulogize the departed, sharing heartfelt stories and memories.
E. Folklore
Ans- In the rural village, the elderly storyteller recounted ancient folklore, passing down tales of legendary heroes and mythical creatures to the next generation.
Section B
Q- 2 Match the words in Column A with their meanings in Column B
Ansers ( Match the words )
1- Diabetes : a medical condition caused by the lack of insulin
2- Coronary disease : a disease connected with the heart
3- Cancer : a serious disease in which growth of confused cells form in the body and kill normal body cells.
4- Hypertension : blood pressure that is higher than normal.
5- Parkinson's Syndrome : a disease of the nervous system that causes the limbs to shake
6- Osteoporosis : a condition in which the bones become weak and are easily broken
7- Arthritis : a disease that causes pain and swelling in one or more joints of the body
8- Relapse : happens again, like an illness.
9- Recurrence : the fact of becoming ill again
10- Regressive : becoming or making something less advanced.
Q- 3 Make new words by adding suffix to the following words.
Educate. conclude. produce. construct. permit
Ans-
1. Educate + ion = Education
2. Conclude + ion = Conclusion
3. Produce + er = Producer
4. Construct + ion = Construction
5. Permit + ted = Permitted
Q- 4. Complete the following sentences with the correct modals.
i. __________ you do me a favour?
ii. _________ I have a glass of water?
iii. The recipe I am trying ______ turn out to be a hit
iv. The hotel staff______ behave politely.
v. One_______ not lead sedentary life.
Ans-
i. Could you do me a favour?
ii. May I have a glass of water?
iii. The recipe I am trying might turn out to be a hit.
iv. The hotel staff should behave politely.
v. One should not lead a sedentary life.
Q- 5. Complete the following sentences with participles using the basic verb given in the brackets.
i) There are no marks allocated for neatness in the____________ answers,' announced the teacher. (write)
ii) Doctors were finding it difficult to cope with so many___________ passengers after the train accident. (injure)
iii) Many people from India went to the African countries to start businesses. Soon they had a___________trade and decided to settle here. (flourish)
iv) The_________ News of the Youth Festival in the university reached all colleges in no time. (excite)
v) The guests were impressed with the pretty decorations and the neatly___________ furniture. (arrange)
vi) One of the_________________ Principles of life is to be straightforward and honest. (abide)
Ans-
i) There are no marks allocated for neatness in the written answers,' announced the teacher. (write)
ii) Doctors were finding it difficult to cope with so many injured passengers after the train accident. (injure)
iii) Many people from India went to the African countries to start businesses. Soon they had a flourishing trade and decided to settle here. (flourish)
iv) The exciting news of the Youth Festival in the university reached all colleges in no time. (excite)
v) The guests were impressed with the pretty decorations and the neatly arranged furniture. (arrange)
vi) One of the abiding principles of life is to be straightforward and honest. (abide)
Q- 6. Fill in the blanks with the correct words given in brackets.
i) You will (lose, loose)________ your money if you carry it in your hand.
ii) He spent his (Vocation, vacation)__________rock climbing.
iii) No one will address the audience (accept, except)________ the Chief Guest.
iv) This is the (centre, middle)___________ of the circle.
v) My father is very (peculiar, particular) about____________ going for his early morning walk.
Ans-
i) You will lose your money if you carry it in your hand.
ii) He spent his vacation rock climbing.
iii) No one will address the audience except the Chief Guest.
iv) This is the center of the circle.
v) My father is very particular about going for his early morning walk.
SECTION C
Q- 7. You have been asked to give an inspiring speech about how one can achieve one's dreams with courage and perseverance. Write out the speech in around 250 words.
Ans-
Ladies and gentlemen, esteemed guests, and fellow dreamers,
Today, I stand before you to talk about one of the most powerful forces in the universe - the force that propels ordinary individuals to achieve extraordinary feats: courage and perseverance. Each one of us has dreams, aspirations, and goals, but it is our courage and unwavering determination that will ultimately determine whether we turn those dreams into reality.
The journey towards our dreams is often filled with obstacles, setbacks, and doubts. Life has a way of testing our resolve, and it's easy to get disheartened when faced with adversity. However, it's crucial to understand that setbacks are not failures; they are lessons in disguise. It's our courage that enables us to face these challenges head-on and our perseverance that allows us to keep moving forward, even when the path seems daunting.
Courage is not the absence of fear; it's the ability to confront and overcome fear. It's about taking that first step even when you're trembling with uncertainty. It's about believing in yourself, even when others doubt you. Remember that some of the greatest achievements in history were born from individuals who dared to dream and dared to act.
Perseverance, on the other hand, is the determination to stay the course, even when the going gets tough. It's about picking ourselves up every time we fall, dusting off our setbacks, and continuing on our journey. It's the unwavering commitment to our dreams, no matter how long it takes.
Think about the countless success stories you've heard - from Thomas Edison, who failed thousands of times before inventing the light bulb, to J.K. Rowling, who faced numerous rejections before creating the beloved Harry Potter series. What set them apart was not just their talent, but their immense courage and unwavering perseverance.
So, my friends, I urge you to embrace your dreams with open arms, and as you encounter obstacles and challenges, remember that they are stepping stones to your success. Be courageous in the face of adversity, and let your perseverance carry you through the darkest of times.
( conclusion ) Achieving your dreams is not for the faint-hearted. It requires courage to begin the journey and perseverance to see it through. So, take that first step today, and let your unwavering determination be the driving force that leads you to the realization of your dreams. Remember, the only limits that exist are the ones you place on yourself. Dream big, act boldly, and with courage and perseverance, you can and will achieve greatness. Thank you.
Q- 8. Write an essay in around 250 words on the topic: Environment and Technology: Exploring the sustainable dynamics
Ans-
Environment and Technology: Exploring the Sustainable Dynamics In the modern age, technology and the environment seem like two opposing forces. On one hand, technology has driven unparalleled progress and convenience, but on the other hand, it has often come at the cost of environmental degradation. However, the narrative is changing, and we are now exploring sustainable dynamics between technology and the environment.
One of the key drivers of this change is the realization that we cannot afford to ignore environmental concerns any longer. Climate change, pollution, and resource depletion have reached critical levels, and the consequences are dire. Thus, there's an increasing emphasis on integrating technology and innovation into solutions for environmental challenges.
Renewable energy is a prime example of this synergy. Advancements in solar, wind, and hydroelectric technologies have made clean energy sources more efficient and affordable. Solar panels are becoming commonplace on rooftops, and wind turbines dot the landscapes. Technology has made it possible to harness the power of nature without harming it.
The Internet of Things (IoT) is another area where technology is promoting sustainability. IoT devices can monitor and optimize resource usage in real-time. Smart thermostats, for instance, adjust heating and cooling based on occupancy and weather conditions, reducing energy wastage.
Moreover, data analytics and artificial intelligence are helping us make informed decisions about resource management. Predictive analytics can forecast environmental trends, aiding in disaster preparedness and natural resource conservation.
Sustainable transportation is yet another realm where technology is making strides. Electric vehicles (EVs) are becoming more affordable and accessible. Moreover, self-driving cars have the potential to reduce traffic congestion and emissions by optimizing routes and driving patterns.
( conclusion ) , technology and the environment are no longer incompatible. They are increasingly intertwined, and technology is emerging as a crucial tool for mitigating environmental challenges. To ensure a sustainable future, we must continue to explore these dynamics and leverage technology to protect and preserve our planet. It is our responsibility to harness the power of technology to create a greener and more sustainable world for generations to come.
Q- 9. You and your friends have decided to visit Himachal in the last week of December this year. Write a dialogue in around 200 words between you and a Travel Agent enquiring for the required arrangements for this trip.
Ans-
You: Good morning! I'm planning a trip to Himachal with my friends in the last week of December this year. Can you help us with the arrangements?
Travel Agent: Good morning! Of course, I'd be happy to assist you with your trip to Himachal. December is a great time to visit, especially if you want to experience the winter charm. Could you please share some details about your travel preferences and requirements?
You: Sure, we're a group of six friends, and we're looking for a 7-day itinerary that covers some of the key attractions like Shimla, Manali, and maybe a day of skiing. We'd prefer comfortable accommodations and private transportation.
Travel Agent: That sounds fantastic! Himachal offers a delightful winter experience. I can arrange a customized itinerary for you with a mix of sightseeing, adventure activities, and relaxation. Regarding accommodations, are you looking for budget, mid-range, or luxury options?
You: We're willing to go for mid-range accommodations, nothing too fancy but comfortable and clean. As for transportation, we'd like a private vehicle for our group.
Travel Agent: Great! I'll include mid-range hotels with private transport for your group. How about activities? Are there any specific adventure activities or experiences you'd like to include in your itinerary?
You: We're definitely interested in skiing, and if there are any local cultural experiences or festivals happening during our visit, we'd like to know about those too.
Travel Agent: Noted. I'll include skiing in Solang Valley and check for any local events during your stay. I'll also make sure to arrange a local guide to help you explore the culture and traditions. Anything else you'd like to add?
You: That sounds perfect for now. Please go ahead and prepare the itinerary and let us know about the cost and any additional details.
Travel Agent: Absolutely, I'll work on it right away and get back to you with the details as soon as possible. If you have any other questions in the meantime, feel free to reach out.
You: Thank you so much for your assistance! We're really looking forward to this trip.
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